Authorship of the Bible

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Table I gives an overview of the periods and dates ascribed to the various books of the Bible. Tables II, III and IV outline the conclusions of the majority of contemporary scholars on the composition of the Hebrew Bible (the Protestant Old Testament), the deuterocanonical works (also called the apocrypha), and the New Testament.

Video Authorship of the Bible

Table I: Chronological overview (Hebrew Bible/Old Testament)

This table summarises the chronology of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament; the Deuteroncanonical works date from the 3rd century BCE to the 3rd century CE (see Table III), and the New Testament writings from the 1st and 2nd centuries CE (see Table IV). Dates are approximate, and mark the completion of the works rather than earlier source materials.

Maps Authorship of the Bible

Table II: Hebrew Bible/Protestant Old Testament

The Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, is the collection of scriptures making up the Bible used by Judaism; the same books, in a slightly different order, also make up the Protestant version of the Old Testament. The order used here follows the divisions used in Jewish Bibles.

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Table III: Deuterocanonical Old Testament

The Deuterocanonical works are books included in Catholic and Orthodox but not in Jewish and Protestant Bibles.

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Table IV: New Testament

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See also

• Authorship of the Johannine works
• Authorship of the Petrine epistles
• Bible manuscript
• Books of the Bible
• Dating the Bible

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References

Citations

Bibliography 1

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• Enns, Peter (2012). The Evolution of Adam. Baker Books. ISBN 9781587433153.
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• Exum, J. Cheryl (2005). Song of songs: a commentary. Westminster John Knox Press.
• Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2003). Tobit. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110175745.
• Floyd, Michael H (2000). Minor prophets. 2. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802844521.
• France, R.T (2007). The Gospel of Matthew. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802825018.
• Gelston, Anthony (2003a). "Habakkuk". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Gelston, Anthony (2003b). "Obadiah". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Gelston, Anthony (2003c). "Zephaniah". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Goldingay, John A. (2003). "Ezekiel". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Grabbe, Lester L. (2003). "Ezra". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
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• Jones, Brian W. (1992). The Emperor Domitian. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-10195-0.
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• Kelle, Brad E. (2005). Hosea 2: Metaphor and Rhetoric in Historical Perspective. Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 9781589831896.
• Kselman, John S. (2007). "Psalms". In Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann. The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288803.
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• Lemche, Niels Peter (2008). The Old Testament between theology and history: a critical survey. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664232450.
• Lincoln, Andrew (2005). Gospel According to St John. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781441188229.
• Mathys, H.P. (2001). "1 and 2 Chonicles". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John. Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press.
• McDermott, John J (2002). Reading the Pentateuch: a historical introduction. Pauline Press. ISBN 9780809140824.
• Miller, Patrick D. (1990). Deuteronomy. John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664237370.

McEntire, Mark (2008). Struggling with God: An Introduction to the Pentateuch. Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780881461015.

• McKenzie, Steven L. (2004). Abingdon Old Testament Commentaries: I & II Chronicles. Abingdon Press. ISBN 9781426759802.
• Meyers, Carol (2007). "Esther". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John. Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1992-77186.
• Nelson, Richard D. (2014). Historical Roots of the Old Testament (1200-63 BCE). SBL Press. ISBN 9781628370065.
• O'Brien, Julia M. (2002). Nahum. A&C Black. ISBN 9781841273006.
• Perkins, Pheme (2012). Reading the New Testament: An Introduction. Paulist Press. ISBN 9780809147861.
• Perkins, Pheme (1998). "The Synoptic Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles: Telling the Christian Story". In Barton, John. The Cambridge companion to biblical interpretation. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. 241-58. ISBN 978-0-521-48593-7.
• Person, Raymond F. (2010). The Deuteronomic History and the Book of Chronicles. Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 9781589835177.
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• Radine, Jason (2010). The Book of Amos in Emergent Judah. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 9783161501142.
• Redditt, Paul L (2003). "The Formation of the Book of the Twelve". In Redditt, Paul L; Schart, Aaron. Thematic threads in the Book of the Twelve. ISBN 9783110175943.
• Rogerson, John W. (2003a). "Micah". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Rogerson, John W. (2003b). "Deuteronomy". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Rogerson, John W. (2003c). "The History of the Tradition: Old Testament and Apocrypha". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Rogerson, John W. (2003d). "Nahum". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Rogerson, John W. (2003e). "Additions to Daniel". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Romer, Thomas (2008). "Moses Outside the Torah and the Construction of a Diaspora Identity" (PDF). The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures. 8, article 15: 2-12.
• Satlow, Michael L. (2014). How the Bible Became Holy. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300171914.
• Schmitt, John J. (2003a). "Baruch". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Schmitt, John J. (2003b). "2 Esdras". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Schniedewind, William M. (2005). How the Bible Became a Book. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521536226.
• Ska, Jean-Louis (2006). Introduction to reading the Pentateuch. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9781575061221.
• Snaith, John (2003). "Sirach". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Snell, Daniel C. (1993). Twice-told Proverbs and the composition of the book of Proverbs. Eisenbrauns.
• Spencer, Richard A. (2002). "Additions to Daniel". In Mills, Watson E.; Wilson, Richard F. Mercer Commentary on the Bible: The Deuterocanonicals/Apocrypha. Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780865545106.
• Stromberg, Jake (2011). An Introduction to the Study of Isaiah. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 9780567363305.
• Sweeney, Marvin A. (2010). The Prophetic Literature. Abingdon Press. ISBN 9781426730030.
• Sweeney, Marvin A. (1998). "The Latter Prophets". In McKenzie, Steven L.; Graham, Matt Patrick. The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664256524.
• Thornhill, A. Chadwick (2015). The Chosen People: Election, Paul and Second Temple Judaism. InterVarsity Press.
• Towner, Sibley S. (1990). "Mannaseh, Prayer of". In Mills, Watson E.; Bullard, Roger Aubrey. Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press.

• Van Seters, John (2004). The Pentateuch: a social-science commentary. T&T Clark International. ISBN 9780567080882.
• Vogt, Peter T. (2009). Interpreting the Pentateuch: An Exegetical Handbook. Kregel Academic. ISBN 9780825427626.
• West, Gerald (2003). "Judith". In Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Whybray, Norman (2005). Wisdom: the collected articles of Norman Whybray. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 9780754639176.
• Wright, J. Edward (1999). The Early History of Heaven. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198029816.
• Zvi, Ehud Ben (2004). "Introduction to The Twelve Minor Prophets". In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Mark Zvi. The Jewish Study Bible. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19529751-5.

Bibliography 2

• Olson, Roger E. (2016). The Mosaic of Christian Belief. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830899708.
• Cohn-Sherbok, Dan (1996). The Hebrew Bible. A&C Black. ISBN 9780304337033.
• Jacobs, Louis (1995). The Jewish Religion: A Companion. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198264637.
• Rabin, Elliott (2006). Understanding the Hebrew Bible: A Reader's Guide. KTAV Publishing House. ISBN 9780881258714.
• Römer, Thomas; De Pury, Albert (2000). "Deuteronomistic Historiography". In De Pury, Albert; Römer, Thomas; Macchi, Jean-Daniel. Israel Constructs Its History: Deuteronomistic Historiography in Recent Research. A&C Black. ISBN 9781841270999.
• Romer, Thomas, "The Future of the Deuteronomistic History" (Leuven University Press, 2000)
• Perdue, Leo G., ed. (2001). The Blackwell Companion to the Hebrew Bible. Blackwell. ISBN 9780631210719.
• Barton, John; Muddiman, John, eds. (2001). Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198755005.
• Dunn, James D. G.; Rogerson, John William, eds. (2003). Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802837110.
• Ehrman, Bart D. (February 2011). Forged: Writing in the Name of God--Why the Bible's Authors Are Not Who We Think They Are. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780062078636.
• Heschel, Abraham Joshua (2005). Heavenly Torah: As Refracted Through the Generations. A&C Black. ISBN 9780826408020.
• Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. 1991. ISBN 9780865543737.
• William David Davies, Steven T. Katz, Louis Finkelstein, "The Cambridge History of Judaism: The late Roman-Rabbinic period" (Cambridge University Press, 2006)
• Brueggemann, Walter, "Reverberations of Faith: A Theological Handbook of Old Testament Themes" (Westminster John Knox, 2002)
• Graham, M.P, and McKenzie, Steven L., "The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues" (Westminster John Knox Press, 1998)
• Mays, James Luther, Petersen, David L., Richards, Kent Harold, "Old Testament Interpretation" (T&T Clark, 1995)
• Van Seters, John (1997). In Search of History: Historiography in the Ancient World and the Origins of Biblical History. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-57506-013-2.
• Van Seters, John (2004). The Pentateuch: A Social-Science Commentary. T&T Clark. ISBN 978-0-567-08088-2.
• Wiseman, D.J. (1970). "Books in the Ancient Near East and in the Old Testament". In Ackroyd, P.R.; Evans, C.F. The Cambridge History of the Bible: From the Beginnings to Jerome. I. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521099738.
• Collins, John J. (1999). "Daniel". In Van Der Toorn, Karel; Becking, Bob; van der Horst, Pieter Willem. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802824912.

Pentateuch

• Ska, Jean-Louis, "Introduction to Reading the Pentateuch" (Eisenbrauns, 2006)

Deuteronomistic history

• de Moor, Johannes Cornelis, and Van Rooy, H. F. (eds), "Past, Present, Future: The Deuteronomistic History and the Prophets" (Brill, 2000)
• Albertz, Rainer (ed) "Israel in Exile: The History and Literature of the Sixth Century B.C.E." (Society of Biblical Literature, 2003)
• Romer, Thomas, "The Future of the Deuteronomistic History" (Leuven University Press, 2000)
• Marttila, Marko, "Collective Reinterpretation in the Psalms" (Mohr Siebeck, 2006)

Prophets and writings

• Miller, Patrick D. and Peter W. Flint, (eds) "The Book of Psalms: Composition and Reception" (Brill, 2005)
• Blenkinsopp, Joseph, "A History of Prophecy in Israel" (Westminster John Knox, 1996)
• Clemets, R.E., "Jeremiah" (John Knox Press, 1988)
• Allen, Leslie C., "Jeremiah: A Commentary" (Westminster John Knox Press, 2008)
• Sweeney, Marvin, "The Twelve Prophets" vol.1 (Liturgical Press, 2000)
• Sweeney, Marvin, "The Twelve Prophets" vol.2 (Liturgical Press, 2000)

New Testament

• Burkett, Delbert Royce, "An Introduction to the New Testament and the Origins of Christianity" (Cambridge University Press, 2002)
• Aune, David E., (ed) "The Blackwell Companion to the New Testament" (Blackwell Publishing, 2010)
• Mitchell, Margaret Mary, and Young, Frances Margaret, "Cambridge History of Christianity: Origins to Constantine" (Cambridge University Press, 2006)

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